VESA^Ò

MDDI Standard

Video Electronics Stan= dards Association

<= st1:address w:st=3D"on">8= 60 Hillview Court, Suite 150	Phone: (408) 957-927= 0
Milpitas, CA 95035	Fax: (408) 957-9277=

VESA Mobile Display Digital Inte= rface

Standard=

Version 1

July 23, 2004

Purpose<= o:p>

This document describes the requirements of a high-speed digital packet interface that allows portable devices to transport digital image data.

Summary<= o:p>

Portable electronic devices have increasing features and capabilities, are becoming smaller, and consume less power. Many have wireless network communication capability, more powerful p= rocessors, larger amounts of bulk storage, and enhanced input devices. These capabilities can all be inte= grated into smaller devices, but there is a limit to the small size of a high-resolution display. This= makes it necessary for portable devices to export their display information in or= der for the portable device to have a high-resolution display. Also, within a device there are of= ten high-bandwidth connections to an internal display. Present solutions use parallel interfaces and relatively high signal levels causing the connection to be m= ore costly, less reliable and cause radiated emissions that interfere with prop= er operation of the device.

MDDI enables portable devices to connect to external displays in the following w= ays: to a projector so a PDA or mobile phone can display an electronic presentat= ion; to support emerging head mounted displays, and through a docking station to= a monitor, keyboard, and mouse.

Preface<= /span>

Intellectual Property<= /span>

While every precaution= has been taken in the preparation of this standard, the Video Electronics Stand= ards Association and its contributors assume no responsibility for errors or omissions, and make no warranties, expressed or implied, of functionality or suitability for any purpose.

Trademarks<= span style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>

All trademarks used wi= thin this document are the property of their respective owners. VESA is a tradem= ark of the Video Electronics Standards Association.

Patents

VESA proposals and sta= ndards are adopted by the Video Electronics Standards Association without regard a= s to whether their adoption may involve any patents or articles, materials, or processes. Such adoption does not assume any liability to any patent owner,= nor does it assume any obligation whatsoever to parties adopting the proposals = or standards documents.

Support for this Stand= ard

Clarifications and application notes to support this standard may be written. To obtain the la= test standard and any support documentation, contact VESA.

If you have a product,= which incorporates an MDDI data link, you should ask the company that manufactured your product for assistance. If you are a manufacturer, VESA can assist you with any clarification you may require. All comments or reported errors sho= uld be submitted in writing to VESA using one of the following methods.

· Fax &n= bsp; : &= nbsp; 408-957 9270, direct this note to Technical Support at VESA

· e-mail: &nbs= p; support@vesa.org

· mail: = Technical Support

&= nbsp; &nbs= p; Video Electronics Standards Association

&nbs= p; &= nbsp; 860 Hillview Court, Suite 150

&nbs= p; &= nbsp; Milpitas, CA 95035<= /span>

&nbs= p; &= nbsp;

Revision History=

July 23, 2004 Initial release of the standard

Acknowledgments=

This document would not hav= e been possible without the efforts of the Display Systems Standards CommitteeR= 17;s (formerly Display Committee) MDDI Task Group. In particular following individuals and their companies contributed significant time and knowledge = to this document:

Name	Company
George Wiley <= /span> (Task Group Chair and Doc= ument Editor)	Qualcomm
Joe = Lamm (Task Group Vice-Chair)	Tech Source, Inc.<= span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
Don Chambers	Cables To Go
Joe Goodart	Dell
Takashi Matsui	EIZO NANAO Corporation
James R. Webb	Genesis Microchip
Josephine Bennett<= span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>	JAE Electronics
Eric Wogsberg	Jupiter Systems
Peerouz Amleshi<= /o:p>	Molex Incorporated
Edmund Poh	Molex Incorporated
Scott Sommers	Molex Incorporated
Karen Jachimowicz	Motorola SPS
Glen Zoerner	Motorola SPS
Ian Miller	Samsung Electronics
Joe = Miseli	Sun Microsystems
Alain d’Hautecourt	View= Sonic

Table of Contents

Patents........................= ...........................................................................= ...........................................................................= ........... 2

Revision History..........................................= ...........................................................................= .............................................. 3

1. Introduction........................................................................= ...........................................................................= ............ 10

1.1 General Overview..........................................= ...........................................................................= ............................ 10

2. MDDI System Architect= ure Overview...............................................................= ....................................... 10

2.1 &nbs= p; Terminology.................................................................= ...........................................................................= ................. 10

2.2 MDDI Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4 Interfaces........= ..................................................................... 11

2.2= .1&nbs= p; MDD= I Type 1 Interface.................................................................= ....................................................................... 11

2.2= .2&nbs= p; MDD= I Type 2, Type 3 and Type 4 Interfaces..........................................= ..................................................... 11

2.3 External and Internal Modes...............................= ...........................................................................= ............ 12

2.4 Physical Interface Description...............................= ...........................................................................= ....... 12

2.4= .1&nbs= p; MDD= I Data and Strobe.................................................................= ....................................................................... 12

2.4= .2&nbs= p; Host Power and Ground.................................................................= ..................................................................... 13

2.4= .3&nbs= p; Int= ernal Mode Multiple Client Connections..........................................= .......................................................... = PAGEREF _Toc80680438 \h 14

2.5 Common Data Types and Rates...............................= ...........................................................................= ............ 15

2.6 Common Frame Rate Concept...............................= ...........................................................................= .............. 16

2.6= .1&nbs= p; A K= araoke Example................................................................= ...........................................................................= .. 17

2.7 Link Layer..........................................= ...........................................................................= .............................................. 18

2.8 MDDI Link Controller..........................................= ...........................................................................= ................... 18

2.9 Multiple Client Devices..........................................= ...........................................................................= .............. 19

3. MDDI Link Protocol.........= ...........................................................................= ............................................................ = 19

3.1 &nbs= p; Frame Structure<= span style=3D'mso-tab-count:1 dotted'>..........................................= ...........................................................................= ............................... 19

3.1= .1&nbs= p; Pac= ket Structure..............................................................= ...........................................................................= .......... 20

3.2 Data Structure Conventions...............................= ...........................................................................= .............. 20

3.2= .1&nbs= p; Ord= er of Data Transmission.................................................................= .............................................................. 20

3.2= .2&nbs= p; Def= initions of Bitmaps.................................................................= ........................................................................ 21

3.2= .3&nbs= p; Dis= play Windows.........= ...........................................................................= ............................................................... 21

3.2= .4&nbs= p; MDDI Packet Summary.................................................................= ..................................................................... 22

3.3 Packet Definitions..........................................= ...........................................................................= ........................... 24

3.3= .1&nbs= p; Sub= -frame Header Packet.................................................................= ................................................................. 24

3.3= .2&nbs= p; Vid= eo Stream Packet.................................................................= .......................................................................... = 25

3.3= .3&nbs= p; Aud= io Stream Packet.................................................................= .......................................................................... = 34

3.3= .4&nbs= p; Res= erved Stream Packets.................................................................= ................................................................ 36

3.3= .5&nbs= p; Use= r-Defined Stream Packet.................................................................= ............................................................ = 36

3.3= .6&nbs= p; Col= or Map Packet.................................................................= ...........................................................................= ..... 37

3.3= .7&nbs= p; Rev= erse Link Encapsulation Packet..........................................= ..................................................................... 38

3.3= .8&nbs= p; Cli= ent Capability Packet.................................................................= ..................................................................... 41

3.3= .9&nbs= p; Cli= ent Request and Status Packet..........................................= ........................................................................ 49

3.3= .10&nbs= p; Fil= ler Packet.................................................................= ...........................................................................= ................ 50

3.3= .11&nbs= p; Key= board Data Packet.................................................................= ....................................................................... 51

3.3= .12&nbs= p; Poi= nting Device Data Packet.................................................................= ........................................................... <= !--[if supportFields]> = PAGEREF _Toc80680465 \h <= ![endif]-->51

3.3= .13&nbs= p; Link Shutdown Packet.................................................................= ........................................................................ 52

3.3= .14&nbs= p; Bit= map Block Transfer Packet..........................................= ...........................................................................= ..... 53

3.3= .15&nbs= p; Bit= map Area Fill Packet.................................................................= ..................................................................... 57

3.3= .16&nbs= p; Bit= map Pattern Fill Packet..........................................= ...........................................................................= ............ 59

3.3= .17&nbs= p; Read Frame Buffer Packet..........................................= ...........................................................................= ........... 62

3.3= .18&nbs= p; Per= form Type Handoff Packet..........................................= ...........................................................................= ..... 63

3.3= .19&nbs= p; For= ward Audio Channel Enable Packet..........................................= ................................................................ 64

3.3= .20&nbs= p; Rev= erse Audio Sample Rate Packet..........................................= .................................................................... 65

3.3= .21&nbs= p; Dig= ital Content Protection Overhead Packet<= span style=3D'mso-tab-count:1 dotted'>..........................................= ...................................................... 66

3.3= .22&nbs= p; Tra= nsparent Color and Mask Setup Packet..........................................= ........................................................ 67

3.3= .23&nbs= p; Rou= nd-Trip Delay Measurement Packet..........................................= .............................................................. 68

3.3= .24&nbs= p; For= ward Link Skew Calibration Packet..........................................= ................................................................. 70

3.3= .25&nbs= p; Vir= tual Control Panel.................................................................= ...........................................................................= 72

3.3= .26&nbs= p; Req= uest VCP Feature Packet.................................................................= .......................................................... = PAGEREF _Toc80680479 \h <= ![endif]-->73

3.3= .27&nbs= p; VCP Feature Reply Packet..........................................= ...........................................................................= ........... 74

3.3= .28&nbs= p; Set= VCP Feature Packet.................................................................= ................................................................... = 76

3.3= .29&nbs= p; Req= uest Valid Parameter Packet..........................................= ...........................................................................= 77

3.3= .30&nbs= p; Val= id Parameter Reply Packet..........................................= ...........................................................................= ..... 78

3.3= .31&nbs= p; Sca= led Video Stream Images..........................................= ...........................................................................= ...... 80

3.3= .32&nbs= p; Sca= led Video Stream Capability Packet..........................................= .............................................................. 80

3.3= .33&nbs= p; Sca= led Video Stream Setup Packet..........................................= ..................................................................... 82

3.3= .34&nbs= p; Sca= led Video Stream Acknowledgement Packet= ..........................................= ............................................. 84

3.3= .35&nbs= p; Sca= led Video Stream Packet..........................................= ...........................................................................= ....... 85

3.3= .36&nbs= p; Req= uest Specific Status Packet..........................................= ...........................................................................= . 86

3.3= .37&nbs= p; Val= id Status Reply List Packet..........................................= ...........................................................................= .... 87

3.3= .38&nbs= p; Per= sonal Display Capability Packet..........................................= ...................................................................... 88

3.3= .39&nbs= p; Cli= ent Error Report Packet..........................................= ...........................................................................= ............ 91

3.3= .40&nbs= p; Cli= ent Identification Packet..........................................= ...........................................................................= ........... 92

3.3= .41&nbs= p; Alt= ernate Display Capability Packet..........................................= ...................................................................... 93

3.3= .42&nbs= p; Reg= ister Access Packet.................................................................= .................................................................... 97

3.3= .43&nbs= p; Dis= play Power State Packet.................................................................= ............................................................. 99

3.3= .44&nbs= p; Pac= ket CRC....................................................................= ...........................................................................= ........... 100

3.4 Link Hibernation..........................................= ...........................................................................= ............................ 102

3.4= .1&nbs= p; Host-Initiated Wake-up from Hibernation.................................................................= ................................... 104

3.4= .2&nbs= p; Client-Initiated Wake-up from<= /span> Hibernation.................................................................= ................................. 105

3.4= .3&nbs= p; Host-Initiated Wake-up from Hibernation with Contention from Client..........................................= ..... 106

4. MDDI Electrical Specifications.................................................................= ............................................... 108

4.1 &nbs= p; Physical-Layer Data Encoding..........................................= ........................................................................ 108

4.1.1 = DATA-STB Encoding.........= ...........................................................................= ..................................................... 108

4.2 DC Electrical Specifications..................= ...........................................................................= ........................ 109

4.2= .1&nbs= p; MDD= I Data and Strobe.................................................................= ..................................................................... 109

4.2= .2&nbs= p; Host Power and Ground.................................................................= ................................................................... = 111

4.2= .3&nbs= p; Lea= kage Currents.........= ...........................................................................= ............................................................ = 111

4.3 Timing Characteristics..........................................= ...........................................................................= ............ 112

4.3= .1&nbs= p; Ser= vice Request Sequence.................................................................= ............................................................ = 112

4.3= .2&nbs= p; Hos= t and Client Output Enable and Disable Times..........................................= ........................................ 114

4.3= .3&nbs= p; Hos= t and Client Intrinsic Round-Trip Delay Times..........................................= ......................................... 114

4.4 Signal Quality Specifications...............................= ...........................................................................= ......... 115

4.4= .1&nbs= p; Int= erfaces.........= ...........................................................................= .......................................................................... = 115

4.4= .2&nbs= p; Intra-Pair and Inter-Pair Skew= and Voltage Drop Budget..........................................= ............................. 117

4.4= .3&nbs= p; Transmission Segment Electrical Specifications.................................................................= .................... 119

4.4= .4&nbs= p; Host Transmitter Electrical Specifications.................................................................= ................................ 122

4.4= .5&nbs= p; Client Transmitter Electrical Specifications.................................................................= .............................. 125

4.4= .6&nbs= p; Client Receiver Electrical Specifications.................................................................= ................................... 126

4.4= .7&nbs= p; Host Receiver Electrical Specifications.................................................................= ..................................... 127

4.4= .8&nbs= p; Far-End Crosstalk.........= ...........................................................................= ........................................................... <= !--[if supportFields]> = PAGEREF _Toc80680521 \h <= ![endif]-->129

4.4= .9&nbs= p; Near-End Crosstalk.........= ...........................................................................= ........................................................ 129

5. Physical Interconnect Specification.................................................................= ................................. 129

5.1 Interconnect System Goals..........................................= ...........................................................................= ... 129

5.2 &nbs= p; Physical Interconnect..........................................= ...........................................................................= .............. 130

5.2.1 = Interface Connector Pinout.........= ...........................................................................= .......................................... 130

5.2= .2&nbs= p; Cab= le.........= ...........................................................................= ...........................................................................= ........ 131

5.2= .3&nbs= p; Unt= erminated Stubs with Two Clients in Internal Mode..........................................= ................................ 132

5.3 Mechanical Specifications..........................................= ...........................................................................= ..... 133

5.3= .1&nbs= p; Con= nector Physical Dimensions..........................................= .......................................................................... = 133

5.3= .2&nbs= p; Com= pliant MDDI Connectors.................................................................= .......................................................... = PAGEREF _Toc80680531 \h <= ![endif]-->134

5.3= .3&nbs= p; Con= nector Mechanical Requirements..........................................= ................................................................. 135

5.4 &nbs= p; Connector Electrical Requirements........................= .......................................................................... = 136

5.5 &nbs= p; Test Sequences..........................................= ...........................................................................= .................................. 137

5.5.1 = Groups 1 and 2 –Environm= ental Test Sequences.................................................................= ................... 137

5.5= .2&nbs= p; Gro= ups 3 and 4 – Mechanical Test Sequences..........................................= .............................................. 138

6. Link Controller Implementation.................................................................= ......................................... 138

6.1 &nbs= p; Forward Link Sync Acquisition...............................= ...........................................................................= ...... 138

6.1= .1&nbs= p; Tim= e to Acquire Sync.................................................................= ....................................................................... 139

6.2 Link Failure Detection...............................= ...........................................................................= ......................... 140

6.2= .1&nbs= p; Bac= kground.........= ...........................................................................= ....................................................................... 140

6.2= .2&nbs= p; Rec= ommendation.........= ...........................................................................= ............................................................ = 140

6.2= .3&nbs= p; Link Failure Detection.................................................................= ....................................................................... 140

6.2= .4&nbs= p; Link Resynchronization.................................................................= .................................................................... 141

6.3 Link Initialization..........................................= ...........................................................................= ........................ 141

6.3= .1&nbs= p; Ext= ernal Mode Link Initialization..........................................= .......................................................................... = 141

6.3= .2&nbs= p; Int= ernal Mode Link Initialization..........................................= ...........................................................................= . 142

6.4 Packet Processing Implementation..................= ...........................................................................= ......... 142

7. Reverse Link Timing.........= ...........................................................................= ......................................................... = PAGEREF _Toc80680549 \h <= ![endif]-->143

7.1 &nbs= p; Reducing the Reverse Link Data Rate..................= ...........................................................................= ..... 143

7.1= .1&nbs= p; Bas= ic Reverse Data Sampling..........................................= ...........................................................................= ... 145

7.1= .2&nbs= p; Adv= anced Reverse Data Sampling..........................................= ..................................................................... 147

7.2 Turn-Around and Guard Times..........................................= ......................................................................... <= /span>148

7.2= .1&nbs= p; Tur= n-Around 1......................................................................= ...........................................................................= ..... 148

7.2= .2&nbs= p; Tur= n-Around 2......................................................................= ...........................................................................= ..... 149

8. Effects of Link Delay= and Skew...................................................................= ............................................. 149

8.1 The Importance of Minimizing Skew..................= ...........................................................................= ......... 150

9. Display Frame Buffers= .........= ...........................................................................= ................................................... 158

9.1 &nbs= p; Background.................................................................= ...........................................................................= ................ 158

9.2 &nbs= p; Buffer Management Rules..........................................= ...........................................................................= ....... 159

9.3 &nbs= p; MDDI Protocol Support..........................................= ...........................................................................= ............... 160

9.4 &nbs= p; Graphics Images..........................................= ...........................................................................= .............................. 160

9.5 &nbs= p; Video Images..........................................= ...........................................................................= ....................................... 160

9.6 &nbs= p; Single Frame Buffer Issues...............................= ...........................................................................= ................. 162

10. Scaled Video Stream S= upport.........= ...........................................................................= .............................. 163

10.1 Background.................................................................= ...........................................................................= ................ 163

11. Multiple Client Suppo= rt.........= ...........................................................................= ......................................... 163

11.1 Background.................................................................= ...........................................................................= ................ 163

12. Dual Use of MDDI_DataPwr4+/- through MDDI_DataPwr7+/-..........................................= .... 166

12.1 Background.................................................................= ...........................................................................= ................ 166

13. Glossary of Terms.........= ...........................................................................= ........................................................ 169

List of Figures

Figure 2‑1, MDDI Terminology........................................................................= ...........................................................................= 11

Figure 2‑2, Exampl= e of Bi-Directional MDDI Communication...= ...........................................................................= .............. 11

Figure 2‑3, Physic= al Connection of Host and Client, Type 1 External Mode Minimum Configuration....................... 13

Figure 2‑4, Physic= al Connection of Host and Client, Type 2, Type 3 and Type 4............................................................ 14

Figure 2‑5, Two Cl= ients in Internal Mode.......................= ...........................................................................= ................................ 15

Figure 3‑1, Forwar= d Link Structure...........................= ...........................................................................= ....................................... 19

Figure 3‑2, Bitmap= and Display Window Relationship.........= ...........................................................................= ...................... 22

Figure 3‑3, Sub-fr= ame Header Packet.......................= ...........................................................................= ..................................... 24

Figure 3‑4, Video = Stream Packet..............................= ...........................................................................= ....................................... 26

Figure 3‑5, Video = Data Format Descriptor...................= ...........................................................................= .................................. 26

Figure 3‑6, Exampl= e of Video Stream Packet Fields..........= ...........................................................................= .......................... 30

Figure 3‑7, Exampl= es of Byte-Aligned and Packed Pixel Data..= ...........................................................................= ................ 31

Figure 3‑8, Bayer = Image Pixel Group Pattern Definitions.....= ...........................................................................= ...................... 32

Figure 3‑9, Bayer = Image Pixel Order Definitions.............= ...........................................................................= ............................. 33

Figure 3‑10, Audio= Stream Packet..............................= ...........................................................................= ..................................... 34

Figure 3‑11, Examp= le of Byte-Aligned and Packed Audio using 10-bit Samples............................................................. 36

Figure 3‑12, User-= Defined Stream Packet.......................= ...........................................................................= ............................... 36

Figure 3‑13, Color= Map Packet..............................= ...........................................................................= .......................................... 37

Figure 3‑14, Color= Map Data Transmission Example...........= ...........................................................................= ...................... 38

Figure 3‑15, Rever= se Link Encapsulation Packet................= ...........................................................................= ......................... 39

Figure 3‑16, Client Capability Packet...................= ...........................................................................= .......................................... 41

Figure 3‑17, Client Request and Status Packet...........= ...........................................................................= .................................. 49

Figure 3‑18, Fille= r Packet..........................................= ...........................................................................= ......................................... 50

Figure 3‑19, Keybo= ard Data Packet..............................= ...........................................................................= ................................. 51

Figure 3‑20, Point= ing Device Data Packet.........................= ...........................................................................= ............................. 52

Figure 3‑21, Link = Shutdown Packet..............................= ...........................................................................= .................................. 52

Figure 3‑22, Bitma= p Block Transfer Packet.....................= ...........................................................................= ............................. 54

Figure 3‑23, Raster Operation Block Diagram.............= ...........................................................................= ................................. 57

Figure 3‑24, Bitma= p Area Fill Packet.........................= ...........................................................................= ..................................... 57

Figure 3‑25, Bitmap Pattern Fill Packet.................= ...........................................................................= ......................................... 60

Figure 3‑26, Read = Frame Buffer Packet.......................= ...........................................................................= ................................. 62

Figure 3‑27, Perfo= rm Type Handoff Packet......................= ...........................................................................= ............................ 63

Figure 3‑28, Forwa= rd Audio Channel Enable Packet...............= ...........................................................................= .................... 65

Figure 3‑29, Rever= se Audio Sample Rate Packet..................= ...........................................................................= ....................... 66

Figure 3‑30, Digit= al Content Protection Overhead Packet..........= ...........................................................................= ................ 66

Figure 3‑31, Trans= parent Color and Mask Setup Packet.........= ...........................................................................= ................... 67

Figure 3‑32, Round= -Trip Delay Measurement Packet............= ...........................................................................= ..................... 69

Figure 3‑33, Round= -Trip Delay Measurement Timing............= ...........................................................................= ..................... 70

Figure 3‑34, Forwa= rd Link Skew Calibration Packet.............= ...........................................................................= ...................... 71

Figure 3‑35, Examp= le Waveforms of the Forward Link Skew Calibration Packet........................................................... 72

Figure 3‑36, Reque= st VCP Feature Packet......................= ...........................................................................= ............................... 73

Figure 3‑37, VCP F= eature Reply Packet........................= ...........................................................................= ................................. 74

Figure 3‑38, VCP F= eature Reply List Item.....................= ...........................................................................= ................................ 75

Figure 3‑39, Set V= CP Feature Packet......................= ...........................................................................= ........................................ 76

Figure 3‑40, Reque= st Valid Parameter Packet....................= ...........................................................................= ........................... 77

Figure 3‑41, Valid Parameter Reply Packet..............= ...........................................................................= ..................................... 78

Figure 3‑42, Scale= d Video Stream Capability Packet............= ...........................................................................= ...................... 80

Figure 3‑43, Scale= d Video Stream Setup Packet.................= ...........................................................................= .......................... 82

Figure 3‑44, Scale= d Video Stream Acknowledgement Packet.......= ...........................................................................= ............ 84

Figure 3‑45, Scale= d Video Stream Packet.......................= ...........................................................................= ............................... 85

Figure 3‑46, Reque= st Specific Status Packet..............= ...........................................................................= ................................... 87

Figure 3‑47, Valid= Status Reply Packet........................= ...........................................................................= .................................. 87

Figure 3‑48, Perso= nal Display Capability Packet...........= ...........................................................................= ............................... 88

Figure 3‑49, Focal Distance Measurement Points.........= ...........................................................................= ............................... 91

Figure 3‑50, Clien= t Error Report Packet.......................= ...........................................................................= ................................... 91

Figure 3‑51, Error= Report List Item...........................= ...........................................................................= ...................................... 92

Figure 3‑52, Client Identification Packet...............= ...........................................................................= ........................................ 92

Figure 3‑53, Alter= nate Display Capability Packet...........= ...........................................................................= ............................. 94

Figure 3‑54, Regis= ter Access Packet.......................= ...........................................................................= ......................................... 97

Figure 3‑55, Displ= ay Power State Packet........................= ...........................................................................= ................................ 99

Figure 3‑56, Examp= le of MDDI CRC Generator and Checker......= ...........................................................................= .......... 101

Figure 3‑57, Compa= rison of Offset and Standard Differential Receivers.....................................................................= ... 103

Figure 3‑58, Host-Initiated Wake-up Without Contention......................................................................= ............................ 105

Figure 3‑59, Client-Initated Wake-up Without Contention.....................................................................= ............................ 106

Figure 3‑60, Simul= taneous Host and Client-Initiated Wake-up from Hibernation......................................................... = 107

Figure 4‑1, Exampl= e of DATA-STB Encoding...................= ...........................................................................= ......................... 108

Figure 4‑2, Sample= Circuit to Create DATA-STB and Recover Data.= ...........................................................................= .... 109

Figure 4‑3, Implem= entation of Drivers, Receivers, and Terminations........................................................................= ....... 110

Figure 4‑4, MDDI Differential Driver Example Block Schematic Diagram.................................................................= .... 111

Figure 4‑5, Leakage Currents............................= ...........................................................................= ............................................. 112

Figure 4‑6, Link E= ntering Hibernation Timing..................= ...........................................................................= .......................... 112

Figure 4‑7, Host-I= nitiated Wake-up Sequence....................= ...........................................................................= ........................ 112

Figure 4‑8, Client-Initiated Wake-up Sequence...= ...........................................................................= ....................................... 113

Figure 4‑9, Host a= nd Client Output Enable and Disable Diagram.......................................................................= .............. 114

Figure 4‑10, Typic= al System Measurement Points (External Mode)......................................................................= ........... 115

Figure 4‑11, Typic= al System Measurement Points (Internal Mode)......................................................................= ............ 115

Figure 4‑12, Inter= connect System Delay Skew Budget (External Mode).......................................................................= .. 117

Figure 4‑13, Inter= connect System Delay Budget (Internal Mode).= ...........................................................................= ......... 118

Figure 4‑14, DC Re= sistance and Voltage Drop Budget (External Mode)........................................................................= .. 118

Figure 4‑15, DC Re= sistance and Voltage Drop Budget (Internal Mode)........................................................................= ... 118

Figure 4‑16, Host = and Client Transmitter Eye Diagram.............= ...........................................................................= ............... 124

Figure 4‑17, Host = Clock Jitter Definition...................= ...........................................................................= ................................... 124

Figure 4‑18, Absol= ute Eye Diagram Mask of Client and Host Receiver.......................................................................= .... 127

Figure 5‑1, MDDI T= ype 1, Type 2, and Type 3 Interconnect System = PAGEREF _Toc80680361 \h <= ![endif]-->131

Figure 5‑2, MDDI T= ype 4 Interconnect System.................= ...........................................................................= ........................ 131

Figure 5‑3, Transm= ission Line Stubs withTwo Clients in Internal Mode....................................................................= ....... 133

Figure 5‑4, Standa= rd MDDI Host Connector Plug.................= ...........................................................................= .................... 133

Figure 5‑5, Standa= rd MDDI Host Connector Receptacle...........= ...........................................................................= .............. 134

Figure 5‑6, Enviro= nmental Test Sequences......................= ...........................................................................= ........................... 137

Figure 5‑7, Mechan= ical Test Sequences......................= ...........................................................................= ................................. 138

Figure 6‑1, MDDI F= orward Link Synchronization................= ...........................................................................= ..................... 139

Figure 7‑1, Host-C= lient Reverse Link Round-Trip Delays......= ...........................................................................= .................. 144

Figure 7‑2, Exampl= e of Marginal Round-Trip Delay Measurement..........................................................................= ........ 145

Figure 7‑3, Revers= e Link Data Rate Change Example............= ...........................................................................= ................. 146

Figure 7‑4, Revers= e Rate Divisor vs. Forward Link Bit Rate per Data Pair (Basic Reverse Data Samplin= g)............. 147

Figure 7‑5, Advanc= ed Reverse Data Sampling Example.......= ...........................................................................= ................... 148

Figure 8‑1, Delay = and Skew Example of a Type 1 Link............= ...........................................................................= ............... 150

Figure 8‑2, Data, = Stb, and Clock Recovery Timing on a Type 1 Link = PAGEREF _Toc80680375 \h <= ![endif]-->151

Figure 8‑3, Example Circuit for MDDI Type 2, 3, and 4...= ...........................................................................= ....................... 152

Figure 8‑4, Data, = Stb, and Clock Recovery Timing on a Type 2, 3, or 4 Link................................................................= . 154

Figure 8‑5, Circui= t for Delay Skew Compensation with MDDI Type 2, 3, and 4............................................................ 156

Figure 9‑1, Affect= s of Frame Update Bits...................= ...........................................................................= ................................. 159

Figure 9‑2, Two Bu= ffers, Writing Image to Offline Buffer.....= ...........................................................................= .................. 161

Figure 9‑3, Display Refresh Slower Than Image Transfer..= ...........................................................................= ...................... 161

Figure 9‑4, Two Bu= ffers, Display Refresh Faster, Small Video Window.....................................................................= ...... 161

Figure 9‑5, Three = Buffers, Display Refresh Faster, Small Video Window.....................................................................= ... 162

Figure 9‑6, Three = Buffers, Display Refresh Slower, Small Video Window.....................................................................= .. 162

Figure 9‑7, Single= Frame Buffer..............................= ...........................................................................= ....................................... 162

Figure 11‑1, Examp= le of Host-Client Connection via Daisy-Chain and Hub.................................................................= 164

Figure 11‑2, Client Devices Connected via a Combination of Hubs and Daisy Chains..........................................= ...... 165

Figure 12‑1, Type = 4 Host with Type 4 Client..................= ...........................................................................= ............................ 166

Figure 12‑2, Type = 3 Host with Type 3 Client..................= ...........................................................................= ............................ 167

Figure 12‑3, Type = 3 Host with Type 4 Client..................= ...........................................................................= ............................ 168

Figure 12‑4, Type = 4 Host with Type 3 Client..................= ...........................................................................= ............................ 169

List of Tables<= /b>

Table 2‑1, MDDI Signals Required For Each Interface Type..........................................= ..................................................... 12

Table 2‑2, Commonl= y Used Video and Audio Formats.............= ...........................................................................= ................. 16

Table 2‑3, Ideal S= tream Rates for the Common Frame Rate.....= ...........................................................................= ............... 17

Table 2‑4, Bytes p= er CF Allocation for Karaoke Example......= ...........................................................................= .................. 18

Table 3‑1, MDDI Pa= cket Summary, Link Control Packets.......= ...........................................................................= ................. 22

Table 3‑2, MDDI Pa= cket Summary, Basic Media Stream Packets.= ...........................................................................= ......... 23

Table 3‑3, MDDI Pa= cket Summary, Client Status and Control Packets.....................................................................= ....... 23

Table 3‑4, MDDI Pa= cket Summary, Advanced Graphic and Display Packets................................................................. = 24

Table 3‑5, Support= ed Display Power States given Client Feature Capability Bits..........................................= ................ 100

Table 4‑1, Service= Request Sequence............................= ...........................................................................= ............................... 113

Table 4‑2, Data Ra= te Requirements of Each Data Pair......= ...........................................................................= ...................... 113

Table 4‑3, Host an= d Client Output Enable and Disable Time......= ...........................................................................= ........... 114

Table 4‑4, Host an= d Client Intrinsic Round-Trip Delay Times....= ...........................................................................= ............ 114

Table 4‑5, Host Ne= twork A Transmission Line Requirements, TP0 to TP0.9 (External Mode)................................... 119

Table 4‑6, Proprie= tary Host Connector Transmission Line Requirements, TP0.9 to TP1.1 (External Mod= e)........... 119

Table 4‑7, Host Ne= twork B Transmission Line Requirements, TP1.1 to TP1.9 (External Mode)................................ 120

Table 4‑8, Standar= d Host Connector Transmission Line Requirements, TP1.9 to TP2.1 (External Mode)............... 120

Table 4‑9, Cable Transmission Line Requirements, TP2.1 to TP2.9 (External Mode)..........................................= ........ 121

Table 4‑10, Propri= etary Client Connector Transmission Line Requirements, TP2.9 to TP3.1 (External M= ode)....... 121

Table 4‑11, Client= Network Transmission Line Requirements, TP3.1 to TP4 (External Mode)................................... 122

Table 4‑12, Interc= onnect Network Requirements, TP0 to TP4 (Internal Mode)............................................................. 122

Table 4‑13, Host Transmitter Electrical Specifications at TP0 (Internal and External Modes)<= span style=3D'mso-tab-count:1 dotted'>................................... 123

Table 4‑14, Client= Transmitter Electrical Specifications at TP4 (Internal and External Modes)................................. <= /span>125

Table 4‑15, Client Receiver Electrical Specifications at TP4 (Internal and External Modes)...................................... 126

Table 4‑16, Host R= eceiver Electrical Specifications at TP0 (Internal and External Modes)........................................ <= /span>128

Table 4‑17, Far-End Crosstalk Limits for Each Interface Type and Test-Point (External Mode)............................... 129

Table 4‑18, Far-End Crosstalk Limits for Each Interface Type and Test-Point (Internal Mode)................................ 129

Table 4‑19, Near-E= nd Crosstalk Limits for Each Interface Type and Test-Point (External Mode)............................ 129

Table 4‑20, Near-E= nd Crosstalk Limits for Each Interface Type and Test-Point (Internal Mode)............................. 129

Table 5‑1, Pinout = of Miniature Type 1/Type 2/Type 3 Portable Connector.................................................................= ... 130

Table 5‑2, MDDI Co= nnector Mechanical Requirements.............= ...........................................................................= ............. 135

Table 5‑3, MDDI Co= nnector Electrical Requirements.............= ...........................................................................= ................. 136

Table 7‑1, Interfa= ce Type Factor..............................= ...........................................................................= .................................... 149

1.&n= bsp;    Introduction

1.1     General Overview

The Mobile Display Digital Interface (MDDI) is a cost-effective low-power solut= ion that enables high-speed short-range communication with a display device usi= ng a digital packet data link. It = uses a miniature connector system and a thin flexible cable that makes it especial= ly well suited for connecting portable computing, communication, and entertain= ment devices to wearable micro displays. MDDI may also be used to simplify the connections between a host processor and a display within a device to reduce the cost of these connect= ions and improve reliability.

Mobile devices are easier to use when fewer cables are required to connect multiple devices that are commonly needed for a full audio-visual experience. MDDI provides support for audio transducers, keyboards, pointing devices and oth= er input devices integrated with a mobile display. MDDI is extensible so it can support user-defined data types. Specific examples include:

·      =    Full-motion video in the form of full-screen or partial screen bitmap fields or compres= sed video, depending on device capability.

·      =    Static bitmaps at low rates to conserve power and reduce implementation cost in so= me portable devices.

·      =    PCM or compressed audio data at any resolution or rate compatible with the seri= al link speed.

·      =    Pointing device position and selection.

·      =    Control and status information in both directions to detect the capability of the opposing device and set its operating parameters.

·      =    User definable data types for capabilities yet to be defined.<= /p>

The aggregate serial link data rate on each signal pair can vary over many orde= rs of magnitude and that allows the system designer to easily optimize cost, power, implementation complexity, and the display update rate. <= /span>

The attributes of MDDI are independent of display technology. In fact, the timi= ng of data packets transferred through the interface can be easily adjusted to adapt to idiosyncrasies of particular display devices or combined timing requirements of audio-video systems. While this allows the system to have t= he smallest power consumption possible, it is not a requirement of the display= to have a frame buffer in order to use MDDI.