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VESA &=
nbsp; &nbs=
p;
Video Electronics Stan=
dards
Association
860 Hillview Court, Su=
ite 150 &=
nbsp; &nbs=
p; &=
nbsp; &nbs=
p; &=
nbsp; Phone:
(408) 957-9270
VESA DIGITAL
PACKET VIDEO LINK STANDARD
Version 1
Purpose
The purpose of th=
is
standard is to define Digital Packet Video Link (DPVL), a high-level video
stream protocol, which facilitates the advancement of high information cont=
ent
monitors independently of whether displaying that high information content =
is
achieved within a single monitor unit or by an array of monitors. This stan=
dard
defines video packet structures, a capability management scheme and a monit=
or
control scheme.
Summary
Due to recent adv=
ances
in display manufacturing technologies, display devices are now able to prov=
ide
much higher information content – both at higher pixel-density and at=
higher
numbers of pixels. One of the issues that limit the wide adoption of high
information content monitors is the monitor interface, since these monitors
require much higher transmission bandwidth than conventional monitor interf=
aces
can provide. DPVL solves this problem by providing selective refresh while
still utilizing conventional digital monitor interfaces. The selective refr=
esh
allows the host to transmit only modified regions of the screen. Thus, the
video transmission rate is decoupled from the refresh rate of the display
device and much lower transmission rates can ensue. This protocol can also =
be
used in bandwidth and/or power constrained systems. On the host side, it is=
the
intention of this DPVL protocol to avoid the requirement of building specia=
lized
graphics hardware. Rather, the changes are limited to an additional software
layer which resides above the video device driver and generates DPVL video
packets with the aid of the driver instead of full raster scans of the video
memory contents.
Preface<=
/span>
Intellectual Property<=
/span>
Copyright © 2004=
Video
Electronics Standards Association.
All rights reserved.
While every precautio=
n has
been taken in the preparation of this standard, the Video Electronics Stand=
ards
Association and its contributors assume no responsibility for errors or
omissions, and make no warranties, expressed or implied, of functionality or
suitability for any purpose.
Trademarks<=
span
style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>
All trademarks used w=
ithin this
document are the property of their respective owners. VESA, DDC and EDID are
trademarks of the Video Electronics Standard Association. I2C is=
a
trademark owned by Philips. [Other trademarks may be listed here.]
Patents
VESA proposals and st=
andards
are adopted by the Video Electronics Standards Association without regard a=
s to
whether their adoption may involve any patents or articles, materials, or
processes. Such adoption does not assume any liability to any patent owner,=
nor
does it assume any obligation whatsoever to parties adopting the proposals =
or
standards documents.
Support for this Stand=
ard
Clarifications and
application notes to support this standard may be written. To obtain the la=
test
standard and any support documentation, contact VESA.
If you have a product=
, which
incorporates a
DPVL, you should ask the company th=
at
manufactured your product for assistance. If you are a manufacturer, VESA c=
an
assist you with any clarification you may require. All comments or reported
errors should be faxed to VESA:
· =
FAX: &=
nbsp; 408-957
9277, direct this fax to Technical
Support at VESA
· =
email: =
support@vesa.org
· =
Mail: &=
nbsp; VESA
860
Hillview Court, Ste. 150
Acknowledgments=
This document
would not have been possible without the efforts of the VESA DPVL Committee. In particular, the following individ=
uals
and their companies contributed significant time and knowledge to this
document.
|
David Glen |
ATI Technologies, Inc. |
|
Jack Hosek |
NEC-Mitsubishi |
||||
|
Zhiling Lai |
ATI Technologies, Inc. |
|
Jeff Irwin |
NVIDIA |
||||
|
Takashi Matsui |
EIZO NANAO |
|
George Wiley |
Qualcomm |
||||
|
Jim Webb |
Genesis Microchip |
|
Ian Miller |
Samsung Electronics |
||||
|
Steve Millman |
IBM |
|
Perry Robertson |
Sandia National Labs |
||||
|
Kai Schleupen |
IBM |
|
L=
yndon
G. Pierson |
S=
andia
National Labs |
||||
|
Moriyoshi Ohara |
IBM Japan |
|
J=
oe
Lamm |
T=
ech
SourceSteve McGowan |
Intel |
|
Timothy Miller |
Tech Source |
|
David Tran |
Intel |
|
Alain
d’Hautecourt |
ViewSonic |
||||
|
Eric Wogsberg |
Jupiter Systems |
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
<= o:p>
<= o:p>
Revi= sion History
<= o:p>
<=
st1:date
Year=3D"2004" Day=3D"18" Month=3D"4" w:st=3D"on">April
18, 2004 Initial release of the
standard
T=
able of
Contents
1. Preface..=
...........................................................................=
...........................................................................=
....................... 7
1.1 &=
nbsp; Definitions
and Conventions..........................................=
...........................................................................=
...... 7
1.2 &=
nbsp; Glossary.................................................................=
...........................................................................=
............................. 7
2. Overview.=
...........................................................................=
...........................................................................=
.................... 9
2.1 &=
nbsp; Summary.................................................................=
...........................................................................=
............................. 9
2.2 &=
nbsp; Background.................................................................=
...........................................................................=
..................... 9
2.3 &=
nbsp; Objectives
of DPVL
2.4 &=
nbsp; Reference
Documents<=
span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:1 dotted'>..........................................=
...........................................................................=
...................... 9
3. DPVL – Principles =
of
Operations.................................................................=
.................................................. 11
3.1 &=
nbsp; Architecture.................................................................=
...........................................................................=
............... 11
3.2 &=
nbsp; DPVL
Frame Structure..........................................=
...........................................................................=
................... 12
3.3 &=
nbsp; Video
Mode Control..........................................=
...........................................................................=
........................ 12
3.3.1 Special Vertical Blanking
Timing Which Indicates DPVL Mode
3.3.2&=
nbsp; Other Events.........=
...........................................................................=
......................................................................... <=
/span>14
3.4 &=
nbsp; Video
Timings
3.5 &=
nbsp; Error
Control
3.5.1 Monitor Requirements.........=
...........................................................................=
....................................................... 17
3.5.2 Host Requirements=
.........=
...........................................................................=
.............................................................. 17
3.6 &=
nbsp; Side
Channel for Monitor Control and Capability Management..................................... 18
3.6.1&=
nbsp; Display Data Channel (DD=
C).........=
...........................................................................=
........................................... 18
3.6.2&=
nbsp; Hot Plug Detect (HPD) fo=
r DPVL
host...................................................................=
............................................. 18
3.6.3&=
nbsp; Universal Serial Bus (US=
B).........=
...........................................................................=
............................................... 19
3.7 &=
nbsp; Multi-Monitor
Support
3.8 &=
nbsp; Power
Management=
..........................................=
...........................................................................=
......................... 21
3.8.1&=
nbsp; DVI Link Shutdown under DPVL...............................=
...........................................................................=
............... 21
3.8.2&=
nbsp; Disabling the DVI Link u=
nder
DPVL...................................................................=
................................................ 22
3.8.3&=
nbsp; DVI Operation during Link
Shutdown under DPVL..........................................=
.............................................. 22
3.8.4&=
nbsp; Reactivation of the DVI =
Link
under DPVL.................................................................=
........................................ 22
3.8.5&=
nbsp; Link Shutdown Compliance=
under
DPVL...................................................................=
....................................... 23
3.9 &=
nbsp; Scene
Syncing Feature..........................................=
...........................................................................=
.................. 23
3.10 =
Genlock
Feature
3.11 =
Throttling Mechanism
4. Packet Definitions..................................................................=
...........................................................................=
..... 29
4.1 &=
nbsp; Header Format and Packe=
t..........................................=
...........................................................................=
....... 29
4.2 &=
nbsp; Basic
Packet..........................................=
...........................................................................=
......................................... 30
4.3 &=
nbsp; Extended
Packets
4.3.1 Video Packet (required capability for extended m=
ode)..........................................=
......................................... 40
4.3.2 Genlock Packet......................................................................=
...........................................................................=
....... 41
4.3.3 Scaled Video Streams................................................................=
...........................................................................=
.. 42
4.3.4&=
nbsp; Gamma Table Packet.........=
...........................................................................=
.......................................................... =
PAGEREF
_Toc72921151 \h <=
![endif]-->43
4.3.5&=
nbsp; Frame Buffer Control Pac=
ket.........=
...........................................................................=
........................................... 44
4.3.6&=
nbsp; Drawing Packets.........=
...........................................................................=
................................................................. =
span>45
4.3.7&=
nbsp; Transparency Map Packet<=
/span>.........=
...........................................................................=
................................................ 50
4.4 &=
nbsp; CRC
Algorithm<=
span
style=3D'mso-tab-count:1 dotted'>..........................................=
...........................................................................=
.................................... 51
4.4.1&=
nbsp; Header CRC.........=
...........................................................................=
......................................................................... <=
/span>51
4.4.2&=
nbsp; Body CRC.........=
...........................................................................=
...........................................................................=
.. 52
5. Data Format for Monitor Control and Capability M=
anagement................................... 54
5.1 &=
nbsp; EDID.................................................................=
...........................................................................=
....................................... 54
5.2 &=
nbsp; DPVL-EXT..........................................=
...........................................................................=
................................................... 54
5.2.1&=
nbsp; Introduction.........=
...........................................................................=
......................................................................... <=
/span>54
5.2.2&=
nbsp; DPVL-EXT Format.........=
...........................................................................=
.............................................................. 55
5.3 &=
nbsp; MCCS (Monitor Command C=
ontrol
Set) for DPVL.......................=
...................................................... 68
6. Conformance Levels..................................................................=
...........................................................................=
70
6.1 &=
nbsp; Monitor Conformance Lev=
els..........................................=
...........................................................................=
. 70
6.2 &=
nbsp; Host Conformance Levels=
..........................................=
...........................................................................=
.......... 71
6.3 &=
nbsp; Host/Monitor Interopera=
bility..........................................=
....................................................................... 71
6.4 &=
nbsp; MCCS VCP Requirements f=
or
Conformance Levels..................=
...................................................... 72
Appendix A =
: FAQ about DPVL....................................................................=
............................................................. 73
Appendix B =
: Example Monitor Report Descriptions..........................................=
............................. 75
Appendix C =
: Example of Header CRC calculation..........................................=
.................................. 79
Appendix D =
: Example of Body CRC calculation..........................................=
........................................ 81
Appendix E =
: Delay Estimation Examples.................................................................=
................................. 82
Appendix F =
: Example DPVL-EXT Block.................................................................=
......................................... 84
List of Figures
Figure 3‑1: System Block Diagram in DPVL.........=
...........................................................................=
........................................ 11
Figure 3‑2:=
A Generic Frame Structur=
e in
DPVL...................................................................=
................................................... 12
Figure 3‑3:=
Diagram
of a monitor not capable (top) and capable (bottom) of storing..........................................=
.......... 15
Figure 3‑4:=
Two
Aspects of Video Timings in a Monitor with Frame Buffer.................................................................=
.... 16
Figure 3‑5:=
An
Example of a Multi-Monitor Configuration in DPVL.................................................................=
................. 19
Figure 3‑6:=
DPVL
HUB Example.........................=
...........................................................................=
........................................... 20
Figure 3‑7:=
Virtual
Screen for Multi-monitor Configurations........................................................................=
........................ 21
Figure 3‑8:=
Diagram
of a monitor not capable of storing whole image when it enters into
“Active Off” state AND capable of Link Shutdown (LSD). It shoul=
d be
interpreted as an overlay to the Figure 2-3................................................................ =
23
Figure 3‑9:=
Image
buffer scenarios inside DPVL monitor=
...........................................................................=
........................... 25
Figure 3‑10=
: Pixel
clock counter during one frame time.=
...........................................................................=
............................. 26
Figure 4‑1:=
Pixel
Format for Header Bits..............=
...........................................................................=
......................................... 29
Figure 4‑2:
Conventions for the Header Format Definition...................................................................=
............................... 30
Figure 4‑3:=
Basic
Header Layout.......................=
...........................................................................=
............................................. 30
Figure 4‑4:=
Video
Packet and Update Rectangle.........=
...........................................................................=
................................. 32
Figure 4‑5:
Extended Packet Layout..............=
...........................................................................=
................................................ 33
Figure 4‑6:=
Gamma
Table within the DPVL monitor.......=
...........................................................................=
............................ 44
Figure 4‑7:=
BitBlt
Operation in the DPVL Monitor.......=
...........................................................................=
................................ 46
Figure 4‑8: Header CRC Timing Diagram.........=
...........................................................................=
....................................... 52
Figure 5‑1:=
Example
of Ultra-Short Vertical Blanking Interval......................................................................=
...................... 61
List of Tables
Table 3‑1: Periodic
Refresh Requirement..........................................=
...........................................................................=
............ 18
Table 3-2: Delay =
Table..........................................=
...........................................................................=
............................................ 28
Table 4-1: Basic =
Header
Format..............................=
...........................................................................=
....................................... 31
Table 4‑2: =
Generic
Format for Extended Packets.........=
...........................................................................=
............................... 33
Table 4‑3: =
Extended
Packets described in 4.3.1 through 4.3.5.......................................................................=
...................... 34
Table 4‑4: =
Field
definitions for Extended Packets description fields.................................................................=
.................. 39
Table 4‑5: =
Function
number assignment and delay parameter availability for each packet......................................... =
40
Table 4‑6: =
Video
Packet Header Definition............=
...........................................................................=
...................................... 40
Table 4‑7: =
Genlock
Packet Definition...................=
...........................................................................=
......................................... 42
Table 4‑8: =
Scaled
Video Stream Setup Packet Definition=
...........................................................................=
.......................... 43
Table 4‑9: =
Scaled
Video Stream Packet Header Definition..........................................................................=
........................ 43
Table 4‑10:=
Gamma
Table Packet Header Definition......=
...........................................................................=
.......................... 44
Table 4‑11:=
Frame
Buffer Control Packet Definition....=
...........................................................................=
.............................. 45
Table 4‑12:=
Drawing
Packets described in Section 4.3.6.1 through 4.3.6.3.................................................................=
....... 45
Table 4‑13:=
BitBLT
Packet Definition...................=
...........................................................................=
........................................ 47
Table 4‑14:=
Area
Fill Packet Definition..............=
...........................................................................=
............................................ 48
Table 4‑15:=
Pattern
Fill Packet Header Definition.......=
...........................................................................=
................................ 49
Table 4‑16:
Transparency Map Packet Definition..=
...........................................................................=
.................................... 50
=
Table 5‑1:
DPVL-EXT Version 1 Overview..........................................=
...........................................................................=
......... 56
Table 5‑2=
span>: Data Format Conventions.................................................................=
...................................................................... 56
Table 5‑3=
span>: Contents of the
“General Information” Section..........................................=
........................................................ 57
Table 5‑4: =
DPVL
Standard Version Information........=
...........................................................................=
................................. 58
Table 5‑5:
Conformance Level Information.......=
...........................................................................=
......................................... 58
Table 5‑6: =
Contents
of the “Display Module Native Timing Information” Section..........................................=
............... 59
Table 5‑7: =
Contents
of the “Transmission Timing” Section.................................................................=
................................. 60
Table 5‑8: =
Frame
Buffer Information..................=
...........................................................................=
.......................................... 62
Table 5‑9: =
Level 2
Supported Extended Packets Information =
PAGEREF
_Toc72921220 \h <=
![endif]-->63
Table 5‑10:=
Scaled
Video Stream Window Information.....=
...........................................................................=
....................... 64
Table 5‑11:=
Gamma
Table Information...................=
...........................................................................=
..................................... 65
Table 5‑12:
Contents of the “DPVL Capability Information” Section..........................................=
..................................... 65
Table 5‑13:=
Delay
Parameter Information...............=
...........................................................................=
..................................... 67
Table 5‑14:=
Checksum..........................................=
...........................................................................=
............................................ 67
Table 5‑15:=
Monitor
Control Command Set for DPVL .......=
...........................................................................=
...................... 68
Table 6‑1: =
Monitor
Conformance Levels..................=
...........................................................................=
.................................... 70
Table 6‑2: =
Host
Conformance Levels..................=
...........................................................................=
.......................................... 71
Table 6‑3:
Monitor/Host Interoperability.......=
...........................................................................=
............................................... 72
Table 6‑4: =
MCCS VCP
requirements depending on conformance level....................................................................=
......... 72
The requirements and specifications for the VESA DPVL standard adhe=
re
to the following definitions and conventions:
a.)&=
nbsp;
Features or
functions that are required to be implemented are identified by the word shall
in bold type. Failure to adhere to a feature or function identified by s=
hall
may cause application restrictions, result in improper functioning, or hind=
er
operations. For a device to be DPVL-compliant, it must implement all featur=
es
or functions identified by shall.
b.)&=
nbsp;
Features or
functions that are desirable, but that are not required to be implemented a=
re
identified by the word should in bold type. Failure to adhere to a
feature or function identified by should may inhibit the implementat=
ion
of some features or functions in specific applications and environments.
c.)&=
nbsp;
Features or
functions that are optional and are not needed to be implemented are identi=
fied
by the word may in bold type. Such features or functions represent g=
oals
to be achieved, and may enhance convenience and utility of VESA DPVL.
d.)&=
nbsp;
Features or=
functions
that are mentioned by the word “recommended” are strongly
considered to become a requirement in future versions of DPVL.
e.)&=
nbsp;
The letters=
TBD
represent the words “to be determined” and indicate that further
requirements or specifications are expected to be included in future issues=
of
this standard.
f.)&=
nbsp;
The letter
‘h’ after a number indicates a hexadecimal format and the letter
‘b’ after a number indicates a binary format. If there is no le=
tter
after a number it means that the number is decimal.
Basic Packet  =
; =
DPVL
frame containing an Basic header and a body section
CRC &nbs=
p; &=
nbsp; Cyclic
Redundancy Check
CRTC &nb=
sp; =
Cathode Ray Tube Controller
DDC &nbs=
p; &=
nbsp; Display
Data Channel
DDWG &nb=
sp; =
=
Digital Display Working Group which defined the DVI standard
Display Module Display
device with X and Y drivers plus controller
DE  =
; &n=
bsp; Data
Enable signal on the DVI receiver and transmitter chips
DPVL &nb=
sp; =
Digital
Packet Video Link
DPVL-EXT  =
; =
DPVL
Extension Block
DPVL Frame &nb=
sp; DPVL
header plus body
DVI &nbs=
p; &=
nbsp; Digital
Visual Interface Standard as defined by DDWG
E-DDC &n=
bsp; =
Enhanced Display Data Channel[1]
EDID &nb=
sp; =
Extended
Display Identification Data1
E-EDID =
Enhanced
Extended Display Identification Data1
Extended Packet DPVL frame
containing an Extended header and optionally a body section
Frame =
&nb=
sp; Two
dimensional array of video data encapsulated by blanking intervals
GVIF &nbs=
p; &=
nbsp; Gigabit
Video Interface
HPD &nbs=
p; &=
nbsp; Hot
Plug Detect
Integer Expansion &n=
bsp; Expansion
ratios 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, etc.
Integer Shrinkage &n=
bsp; Shrinkage
ratios 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, etc.
LVDS &nb=
sp; =
Low-Voltage
Differential Signaling
MCCS &nb=
sp; =
Monitor
Control Command Set1
Monitor =
&nb=
sp; Generically
used throughout this document to mean a visual display
=
&nb=
sp; attached
to a computer system: examples include a notebook display,
=
&nb=
sp; desktop
monitor, projector, head mounted display, etc.
TMDSTM &nbs=
p; &=
nbsp; Transition
Minimized Differential Signaling
USB &nbs=
p; &=
nbsp; Universal
Serial Bus
Variable Expansion =
Any
rational number expansion/shrinkage ratio as long as both the source
or Shrinkage &=
nbsp; and
destination are an integer number of pixels
Video Frame &n=
bsp; Generic
term for either a raster scan video frame or a DPVL frame
This document is the Digital Packet Video Link (DPVL) Standard and
defines a high-level video stream protocol enabling high-resolution monitors
and cascaded multiple monitors. Such monitors require a higher communication
bandwidth than conventional monitor interfaces can provide.
Due to recent advances in display device technologies, monitors are=
now
capable of providing much higher information content – at higher
pixel-density and at higher number of pixels. Such high information content
monitors can improve productivity for conventional PC applications. It can =
be
expected that high pixel-density (e.g. 200 dots per inch) monitors will gain
wide popular use. Employing multiple monitors can also provide high informa=
tion
content, and such systems are becoming increasingly popular in office
environments due to the increased productivity they afford.
One of the issues that limit the wide use of high information conte=
nt
monitors is the conventional monitor interface, which is not adequate for h=
igh
information content monitors. Though currently digital video interfaces su=
ch as
TMDS, LVDS and GVIF are becoming popular, they are all based on
raster-scan refresh. That is, the host system is required to refresh each p=
ixel
on the screen many times per second. Thus, high information content monitors
require large transmission bandwidth, and the lack of adequate bandwidth on
current interfaces limits the monitors update rate. Raster scan interfaces also lack a
mechanism for sending meta data (e.g. various attributes of the video data),
which are desirable for flexibility in the video interface. In addition, this protocol can also be used in bandwidth and/or
power constrained systems such as mobile and wireless devices.
1) The main objective of this standard is to define a selective upd=
ate
scheme, which allows the host to transmit only modified regions of the scre=
en
image, and hence decouples the video transmission rate from the refresh rat=
e of
the display device. This selective update scheme requires the host to embed
meta data in the video stream. The monitor uses this meta data to reconstru=
ct
the entire image of the screen. The DPVL Standard defines video packet
structures including meta data formats which permit significant functional
extensions.
2) The DPVL Standard also defines a capability management and monit=
or
control scheme. The capability management scheme allows for the negotiation=
of
various protocol parameters between the host and monitor. The monitor contr=
ol
scheme defines a set of monitor control commands that enhances the video st=
ream
protocol.
3.) Physical-layer protoc=
ols,
such as electrical signaling protocols and mechanical interfaces, are beyond
the scope of this document and are thus not defined herein. DVI has been ch=
osen
as the physical layer for DPVL within this document. Implementers should re=
fer
to DVI Revision 1.0 specification. However, it can be envisioned that the D=
PVL
protocol may be applied to other physical layers.
·
Digital Dis=
play
Working Group (DDWG) – Digital Visual Interface (DVI) Specifications,
Revision 1.0,
·
USB – Uni=
versal
Serial Bus Monitor Control Class Specification Revision 1.0
·
USB –
Universal Serial Bus Specification, Revision 1.1,
·
USB –
Universal Serial Bus Specification, Revision 2.0,
·
VESA –
Enhanced Display Data Channel (E-DDCTM) Standard, Version 1,
·
VESA –
Enhanced Extended Display Identification Data (E-EDIDTM) Standar=
d,
Release A, Rev. 1,
· =
VESA –
Monitor Control Command Set (MCCSTM) Standard, Version 2.0,